What type of power allows a leader to penalize or punish others?

The correct choice of coercive power pertains to a leader's capacity to influence or control others based on the potential threats or actual use of punishment. This form of power is grounded in the fear of negative consequences, making it effective for enforcing compliance among subordinates or team members. A leader employing coercive power may utilize various forms of punishment, such as reprimands, demotions, or even termination, to maintain control and ensure adherence to rules or directives.

In organizational settings, coercive power can lead to immediate compliance but often lacks the ability to inspire long-term loyalty or intrinsic motivation. Understanding this form of power is crucial for leaders, as it highlights the ethical considerations and potential pitfalls of relying on fear as a motivational tool.